商务英语谈判必须掌握的11大类词汇
来源：徐州商务网
1、出口方面的词汇
出口信贷 export credit
出口津贴 export subsidy
商品倾销 dumping
外汇倾销 exchange dumping
优惠关税 special preferences
保税仓库 bonded warehouse
贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade
贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade
进口配额制 import quotas
自由贸易区 free trade zone
对外贸易值 value of foreign trade
国际贸易值 value of international trade
普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-gsp
最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-mfnt
2、价格条件
价格术语trade term (price term)
运费freight
单价 price
码头费wharfage
总值 total value
卸货费landing charges
金额 amount
关税customs duty
净价 net price
印花税stamp duty
含佣价price including commission
港口税port dues
回佣return commission .
装运港port of shipment
折扣discount, allowance
卸货港port of discharge
批发价 wholesale price
目的港port of destination
零售价 retail price
进口许口证import licence
现货价格spot price
出口许口证export licence
期货价格forward price
现行价格（时价）current price prevailing price
国际市场价格 world (international)market price
离岸价（船上交货价）fob-free on board
成本加运费价（离岸加运费价） c%26amp;f-cost and freight
到岸价（成本加运费、保险费价）cif-cost,insurance and freight
3、交货条件
交货delivery
轮船steamship(缩写s.s)
装运、装船shipment
租船charter (the chartered ship)
交货时间 time of delivery
定程租船voyage charter
装运期限time of shipment
定期租船time charter
托运人（一般指出口商）shipper, consignor
收货人consignee
班轮regular shipping liner
驳船lighter
舱位shipping space
油轮tanker
报关clearance of goods
陆运收据cargo receipt
提货to take delivery of goods
空运提单airway bill
正本提单original b\\\\l
选择港（任意港）optional port
选港费optional charges
选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the buyers 或 optional charges for buyers’ account
一月份装船 shipment during january 或 january shipment
一月底装船 shipment not later than jan.31st.或shipment on or before jan.31st.
一/二月份装船 shipment during jan./feb.或 jan./feb. shipment
在......(时间)分两批装船 shipment during....in two lots
在......(时间)平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots
分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments
分三个月，每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments
立即装运 immediate shipments
即期装运 prompt shipments
收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of l/c
允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable
4、交易磋商、合同签订
订单 indent
订货；订购 book; booking
电复 cable reply
实盘 firm offer
递盘 bid; bidding
递实盘 bid firm
还盘 counter offer
发盘（发价） offer
发实盘 offer firm
询盘（询价） inquiry;enquiry
5、交易磋商、合同签订
订单 indent
订货；订购 book; booking
电复 cable reply
实盘 firm offer
递盘 bid; bidding
递实盘 bid firm
还盘 counter offer
发盘（发价） offer
发实盘 offer firm
询盘（询价） inquiry;enquiry
6、交易磋商、合同签订
指示性价格 price indication
速复 reply immediately
参考价 reference price
习惯做法 usual practice
交易磋商 business negotiation
不受约束 without engagement
业务洽谈 business discussion
限**复 subject to reply **
限* *复到 subject to reply reaching here **
有效期限 time of validity
有效至**: valid till **
购货合同 purchase contract
销售合同 sales contract
购货确认书 purchase confirmation
销售确认书 sales confirmation
一般交易条件 general terms and conditions
以未售出为准 subject to prior sale
需经卖方确认 subject to seller’s confirmation
需经我方最后确认 subject to our final confirmation
7、贸易方式
int (拍卖auction)
寄售consignment
招标invitation of tender
投标submission of tender
一般代理人agent
总代理人general agent
代理协议agency agreement
累计佣金accumulative commission
补偿贸易compensation trade （或抵偿贸易）compensating/compensatory trade （又叫：往返贸易） counter trade
来料加工processing on giving materials
来料装配assembling on provided parts
独家经营/专营权exclusive right
独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement
独家代理 sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency;
exclusive agent
8、品质条件
品质 quality 原样 original sample
规格 specifications 复样 duplicate sample
说明 description 对等样品 countersample
标准 standard type 参考样品 reference sample
商品目录 catalogue 封样 sealed sample
宣传小册 pamphlet 公差 tolerance
货号 article no. 花色（搭配） assortment
样品 sample 5% 增减 5% plus or minus
代表性样品 representative sample
大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality
9、商检仲裁
索赔 claim 争议disputes
罚金条款 penalty 仲裁arbitration
不可抗力 force majeure 仲裁庭arbitral tribunal
产地证明书certificate of origin
品质检验证书 inspection certificate of quanlity
重量检验证书 inspection certificate of weight (quantity)
**商品检验局 **commodity inspection bureau (*.c.i.b)
品质、重量检验证书 inspection certificate
10、数量条件
个数 number 净重 net weight
容积 capacity 毛作净 gross for net
体积 volume 皮重 tare
毛重 gross weight
溢短装条款 more or less clause
11、外 汇
外汇 foreign exchange 法定贬值 devaluation
外币 foreign currency 法定升值 revaluation
汇率 rate of exchange 浮动汇率floating rate
国际收支 balance of payments 硬通货 hard currency
直接标价 direct quotation 软通货 soft currency
间接标价 indirect quotation 金平价 gold standard
买入汇率 buying rate 通货膨胀 inflation
卖出汇率 selling rate 固定汇率 fixed rate
金本位制度 gold standard 黄金输送点 gold points
铸币平价 mint par 纸币制度 paper money system
国际货币基金 international monetary fund
黄金外汇储备 gold and foreign exchange reserve
汇率波动的官定上下限 official upper and lower limits of fluctuation